Superior University Depalpur: PHP

PHP Frequently asked Questions and Answer 2015

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 Question: What is PHP? PHP is a server-side scripting language which is used to create the dynamic web pages.  Question: Who is fater of PHP? Rasmus Lerdorf Question: Which language is used to Implementation? C/C++ Question: What is offical website of PHP? <a href="http://php.net/" style="background-color: white; color: #888888; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 16.5px; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">http://php.net/</a> Question: What is current statable version of PHP? Version: 7.0.6 Dated April 29, 2016. Question: What is extensions of PHP File? .php, .phtml, .php4, .php3, .php5, .phps  Question: Describe how PHP Works with Browser? Works in following Flow  1. Open website http://www.web-technology-experts-notes.in/ 2. Request send to server of http://www.web-technology-experts-notes.in/ 3. Call PHP Files. 4. PHP Scripts are loaded into memory and compiled into Zend opcode. 5. These opcodes are executed and the HTML generated.  6. Same HTML is send back to Browser. Know more: <a href="http://www.web-technology-experts-notes.in/2012/07/what-is-zend-engine-in-php.html" style="background-color: white; color: #888888; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 16.5px; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">http://www.web-technology-experts-notes.in/2012/07/what-is-zend-engine-in-php.html</a> Question: What are important things about php functions? PHP function start with "function function-name()". PHP Function name must be start with character and it accept alphanumeric and _. In build functions are case in-sensitive. User build functions are case sensitive. We can pass upto 64 parameter as argument. Anonymous function are user defined function which have "no-name" and also called closures. PHP support variable functions. Means when you can call a function using variable.  In same file OR under same class, same function name can't be created.  Question: What is role of htmlentities? htmlentities is used to convert all applicable characters to HTML entities. It is used to stop the user from running malicious code in HTML. With use of htmlentities, user can't run the html tags like h2, p, script etc. It helps to prevent you from XSS attack. 
<pre class="brush: php" name="code" style="background-color: #efefef; border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(153, 153, 153); color: #222222; font-size: 16.5px; max-height: 400px; overflow: auto; padding: 15px;">echo htmlentities($userData);</pre>
 Question: How to use email with PHP? Email functionality is inbuilt with PHP. PHP provide mail() with use of this, we can sen an email to user or subscriber. We can send html/text email. We can send attachment with email. We can also use option like cc, bc and bcc. We can also set the values in header. We can also use third party API like (gmail, yahoo etc) to send email. Question: How session and cookie works together? Create an session in PHP. Session data is stored in Server. Session data have unique name.  Session unique key with domain name is stored in browser cookie. Now, Browser keep the login with use of unique key(in cookie) and session data (stored in server side). Question: What is the difference between the functions unlink and unset? unlink: delete the files from Server. unset: delete the variable name and data from memory. Question: How to create subdomain? With use virtual host and htaccess, you can create sub domain. Question: What are the various methods to pass data from one web page to another web page? Session Cookie Database URL parameters Question: What are super global variables? $_COOKIE – Stored information in Cookie. $_GET – Send data in URL as paramter. $_POST – Send data to server OR Page as POST Method. $_REQUEST – Its combined array containing values from the $_GET, $_POST and $_COOKIES. $_ENV – Get/Set varaible in environment. $_FILES – Used to upload the file, image and videos etc. $_SERVER – It have all server information. $GLOBALS – Contains all the global variables associated with the current script. Question: How to get a user's IP address of client. echo $_SESSION['REMOTE_ADDR'];  Question: What type of inheritance supported by PHP? Single inheritance. Multiple Level inheritance. Question: What is CMS? CMS means Content Management System. It is web software who provide the website full fledged content management where owner can add/update/delete the html/files/images/videos etc. Today's CMS do much more as compare to its name.  For example. Joomla/Wordpress is CMS but you can create E-commererce website and can accpet all types of payment. In Today's CMS, you can create many different types of website like Ecommerce website, Personal blogging and Forum etc. Question: How to create unique random password? echo md5(uniqid(rand(), true));  Question: What is the difference between echo and print? echo constructor which is used to display the value in browser. print is function which is used to display and return the value. Question: What is the difference between characters \023 and \x23?  \023 is octal 23. \x23 is hex 23.  
 
 
 
for more detail visit this site www,web-technology-experts-notes,in 
<Shahzad Younas> 
 
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PHP Frequently asked Questions and Answer 2015

Question: What is PHP? PHP is a server-side scripting language which is used to create the dynamic web pages. Question: Who is fater of...

PHP Interview Questions and Answers for 2 year Experience

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Question: What is use of header() function in php? 1. Header is used to redirect from current page to another: 
<pre class="brush: php" name="code" style="background-color: #efefef; border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(153, 153, 153); color: #222222; font-size: 16.5px; max-height: 400px; overflow: auto; padding: 15px;">header("Location: newpage.php");</pre>
 2. Header is used to send HTTP status code. 
<pre class="brush: php" name="code" style="background-color: #efefef; border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(153, 153, 153); color: #222222; font-size: 16.5px; max-height: 400px; overflow: auto; padding: 15px;">header("HTTP/1.0 404 Not Found");</pre>
 3. Header is used to send Send a raw HTTP header 
<pre class="brush: php" name="code" style="background-color: #efefef; border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(153, 153, 153); color: #222222; font-size: 16.5px; max-height: 400px; overflow: auto; padding: 15px;">header('Content-Type: application/pdf');</pre>
 Question: What type of inheritance supports by PHP? There are following type of inheritance  Single Inheritance - Support by PHP Multiple Inheritance - Not support Hierarchical Inheritance - Support by PHP Multilevel Inheritance - Support by PHP Question: How do you call a constructor for a parent class? 
<pre class="brush: php" name="code" style="background-color: #efefef; border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(153, 153, 153); color: #222222; font-size: 16.5px; max-height: 400px; overflow: auto; padding: 15px;">parent::constructor($value);</pre>
 Question: What is the difference between the functions unlink and unset? unlink: It is used to remove the file from server. 
<pre class="brush: php" name="code" style="background-color: #efefef; border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(153, 153, 153); color: #222222; font-size: 16.5px; max-height: 400px; overflow: auto; padding: 15px;">unlink('/path/file.phtml');</pre>
 unset: It is used to remove the variable. 
<pre class="brush: php" name="code" style="background-color: #efefef; border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(153, 153, 153); color: #222222; font-size: 16.5px; max-height: 400px; overflow: auto; padding: 15px;">unset($variableName);</pre>
 Question: What are default session time and path? Session Time: 1440 seconds Session Path: /tmp folder in server Question: What is PEAR? PHP Extension and Application Repository (PEAR) is a framework and repository for reusable PHP components. Question: What is MIME? Full form of MIME is "Multi-purpose Internet Mail Extensions". It is extension of e-mail protocol helps to exchanges the different kids of data files over the internet.  Data files may be audio, video, images, application programs and ASCII etc. Question: How to scrape the data from website using CURL? To scrap the data from website, Website must be public and open for scrapable. In the blow code, Just update the CURLOPT_URL to which websites data you want to scrap. 
<pre class="brush: php" name="code" style="background-color: #efefef; border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(153, 153, 153); color: #222222; font-size: 16.5px; max-height: 400px; overflow: auto; padding: 15px;">$ch = curl_init();
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, "http://www.web-technology-experts-notes.in/");
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, 0);
$output = curl_exec($ch);
curl_close($ch);
echo $output;</pre>
 Question: How to upload the file using CURL? You can upload a file using CURL.  See following points. 1. Uploading file size must be less than allowed file by Server. 2. If file size is heady, May take more time. 3. replace "uploadFile.zip" with file which you want to upload WITH full path. 4. replace "http://localhost/test/index2" with URL where server has given functionality to upload file. 
<pre class="brush: php" name="code" style="background-color: #efefef; border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(153, 153, 153); color: #222222; font-size: 16.5px; max-height: 400px; overflow: auto; padding: 15px;">$file_name_with_full_path = realpath('uploadFile.zip');        
       $url = "http://localhost/test/index2";
       $post_data = array(
           "foo" => "bar",
           "upload" => "@".$file_name_with_full_path
       );
       try {
           $ch = curl_init();
           curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $url);
           curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
           curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, 1);
           curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $post_data);
           $output = curl_exec($ch);
           curl_close($ch);
       } catch (Exception $e) {
           echo $e->getMessage();
           die;
       }</pre>
 Question: Can I set the header in CURL? Yes, you can set the header in CURL using CURLOPT_HEADER. 
<pre class="brush: php" name="code" style="background-color: #efefef; border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(153, 153, 153); color: #222222; font-size: 16.5px; max-height: 400px; overflow: auto; padding: 15px;">curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, Array("Content-Type: text/xml")); </pre>
 Question: How can i execute PHP File using Command Line? For this, you need PHP CLI(Commnd line interface) Just login to you command line interface. You have to prepend the "PHP" and need to mention the full-path/relative of file Execute the file in following way. 
<pre class="brush: php" name="code" style="background-color: #efefef; border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(153, 153, 153); color: #222222; font-size: 16.5px; max-height: 400px; overflow: auto; padding: 15px;">php E://wamp/www/project/myfile.php</pre>
 Question: How can we get the current session id? 
<pre class="brush: php" name="code" style="background-color: #efefef; border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(153, 153, 153); color: #222222; font-size: 16.5px; max-height: 400px; overflow: auto; padding: 15px;">echo session_id();</pre>
 You can also set the session_id using same above function. Question: What are different type of sorting functions in PHP? sort() - sort arrays in ascending order. asort() - sort associative arrays in ascending order, according to the value. ksort() - sort associative arrays in ascending order, according to the key. arsort() - sort associative arrays in descending order, according to the value. rsort() - sort arrays in descending order. krsort() - sort associative arrays in descending order, according to the key. array_multisort() - sort the multi dimension array. usort()- Sort the array using user defined function. Question: How to save the session data into database? To maintain the session data, we can use session_set_save_handler function. 
<pre class="brush: php" name="code" style="background-color: #efefef; border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(153, 153, 153); color: #222222; font-size: 16.5px; max-height: 400px; overflow: auto; padding: 15px;">session_set_save_handler ( 'openFunction' , 'closeFunction', 'readFunction' , 'writeFunction' , 'destroyFunction', 'gcFunction' )</pre>
 In this function, we provide 6 callback functions which call automatically. For Example  openFunction will be called automatically when session start. closeFunction will be called automatically when session end. readFunction will be called automatically when you read the session. writeFunction will be called automatically when you write in the session. destroyFunction will be called automatically when you destroy in the session. gcFunction will be called automatically when session inactive for long time. <ins class="adsbygoogle" data-ad-client="ca-pub-7050500686701419" data-ad-slot="1402481483" data-adsbygoogle-status="done" style="background-color: white; color: #222222; display: inline-block; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 16.5px; height: 90px; width: 700px;"><ins id="aswift_2_expand" style="background-color: transparent; border: none; display: inline-table; height: 90px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; visibility: visible; width: 700px;"><ins id="aswift_2_anchor" style="background-color: transparent; border: none; display: block; height: 90px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; visibility: visible; width: 700px;"><iframe allowfullscreen="true" allowtransparency="true" frameborder="0" height="90" hspace="0" id="aswift_2" marginheight="0" marginwidth="0" name="aswift_2" scrolling="no" style="left: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px;" vspace="0" width="700"></iframe></ins></ins></ins>  Question: What are different type of errors? E_ERROR: A fatal error that causes script termination. E_WARNING: Run-time warning that does not cause script termination. E_PARSE: Compile time parse error. E_NOTICE: Run time notice caused due to error in code. E_CORE_ERROR: Fatal errors that occur during PHP's initial startup. E_CORE_WARNING: Warnings that occur during PHP's initial startup. E_COMPILE_ERROR: Fatal compile-time errors indication problem with script. E_USER_ERROR: User-generated error message. E_USER_WARNING: User-generated warning message. E_USER_NOTICE: User-generated notice message. E_STRICT: Run-time notices. E_RECOVERABLE_ERROR: Catchable fatal error indicating a dangerous error E_ALL: Catches all errors and warnings </div>

PHP Interview Questions and Answers for 2 year Experience

Question: What is use of header() function in php? 1. Header is used to redirect from current page to another: header("Location: n...

Mysql Interview Questions And Answers - Atomicity, Dedlock, Client Program, Mysql Mode, Mysql Sensitivity Of Identifiers And Mysql Errors

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Question: what is the difference between where and having clause in mysql? Answer: where can restrict each row or record having clause restrict group of records. 
 
 
Question: What is Atomicity? Answer: This means whether execution of "all" statements or "no" statements. 
 
 Question: What is Deadlock? Answer: A failure or inability to proceed due to two transactions having some data that the other needs. 
 
 
Question: What is mysql client program ? Answer: It is a command-line program that acts as a text-based front end for the MySQL Server. It's used for issuing queries and viewing the results in the terminal window. 
<pre class="brush: ruby" name="code" style="background-color: #efefef; border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(153, 153, 153); color: #222222; font-size: 16.5px; max-height: 400px; overflow: auto; padding: 15px;">mysql --help
mysql --version
mysql --V
</pre>
In many cases, a given option has both a long and a short form. Long options consist of a word preceded by double dashes(e.g. --) whereas short options consist of a single letter preceded by a single dash(e.g. -). 
 
 
Question: What is difference between Interactive Mode and Batch Mode of mysql client? Answer: In Interactive modes, you put simple query to get the result, In this results is return in window. In Batch Mode, you put your all the queries in sql file and run it from mysql client OR from scheduler job.   
 
 
Question: What is difference between \g and \G? Answer: Both are the statement terminator alike semicolon(;).  
\g end the query statement and output the result in horizontal. 
\G end the query statement and output the result in vertically and mainly used when output is large.  
 
 
Question: How to manage MySQL case sensitivity of identifiers? Answer: Database name and table name are stored as file, So In window its case-insenstive and in unix it is case senstive. Column name, index, and trigger are not case sensitive. Column aliases are not case sensitive   
Question: What is difference between identifier-quoting- character and string-quoting-character? Answer: backtick(`) are identifer quoting character and used  quote for dbname, tableName and filedName Single Quote('), Double Quote(") are string quoting character 
   
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Question: What is SQL Query to print the warnings? 
Answer: show warnings;</div>
<div>
 Question: What is SQL Query to print the warnings in Vertically? 
Answer: show warning\G;display the warnings in vertical tabs;</div>
<div>
 Question: How to use limit in mysql warning? 
Answer: show warning limit 1,2 \G;display the warnings in vertical tabs for 2nd & 3rd; 
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Question: In Mysql, How to disable the sql notes? 
Answer: set sql_notes=0; 
 </div>
<div>
Question: How to get the detail of error in mysql? 
Answer: perror 13; </div>
<div>
show the error message detail</div>
</h2>
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Mysql Interview Questions And Answers - Atomicity, Dedlock, Client Program, Mysql Mode, Mysql Sensitivity Of Identifiers And Mysql Errors

Question: what is the difference between where and having clause in mysql? Answer: where can restrict each row or record hav...

Difference Between Primary Key And Unique Key And Foreign Key And Composite Key

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Primary Key 
<ol style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 16.5px;">
<li style="margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;">Primary Key can identify a row as uniquely </li>
<li style="margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;">A table can have  only one primary key</li>
<li style="margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;">It can't be Null</li>
<li style="margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;">Indexing added automatically to Primary key</li>
</ol>
 Foreign Key 
<ol style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 16.5px;">
<li style="margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;">A FOREIGN KEY in one table reference to a Primary Key in another table</li>
<li style="margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;">A table can have  one OR more foreign key.</li>
<li style="margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;">It can be Null </li>
<li style="margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;">Indexing not added automatically to Foreign key</li>
</ol>
 Unique Key 
<ol style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 16.5px;">
<li style="margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;">Unique Key can identify a row as uniquely.</li>
<li style="margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;">A table can have  one OR more unique key.</li>
<li style="margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;">It can be Null</li>
<li style="margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;">Indexing not added automatically to Unique Key</li>
</ol>
 Composite Key 
<ol style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 16.5px;">
<li style="margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;">A composite key contains at least one compound key and one more attribute. Composite keys may also include simple keys and non-key attributes.</li>
<li style="margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;">A table can have one OR more composite Key</li>
<li style="margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;">It can also be null.</li>
</ol>
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 </div>
<div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 16.5px;">
See Example:</div>
<pre class="brush: ruby" name="code" style="background-color: #efefef; border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(153, 153, 153); color: #222222; font-size: 16.5px; max-height: 400px; overflow: auto; padding: 15px;">CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `users` (
 `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
 `name` varchar(100) NOT NULL,
 `email` varchar(100) NOT NULL,
 `phone` varchar(100) NOT NULL,
 PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
 UNIQUE KEY `email` (`email`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 AUTO_INCREMENT=1 ;

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `user_profile` (
  `user_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `address1` varchar(100) NOT NULL,
  `address2` varchar(100) NOT NULL,
  KEY `user_id` (`user_id`),
FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `users` (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1

</pre>
<div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 16.5px;">
Primary Key: users.id Foreign Key: user_profile.user_id Unique Key:  users.email</div>
</div>

Difference Between Primary Key And Unique Key And Foreign Key And Composite Key

Primary Key Primary Key can identify a row as uniquely A table can have only one primary key It can't be Null Indexing add...

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